Study on the Incidence of Salmonella Species in Different Food Samples by Using Cultural and Rapid invA Gene Specific PCR-Based Assay

Khaled Ibrahim; Sabrin Aljfaeri; Ammar Aslougi; Abdlrhman Alsonosi; Mohamed Saad; Farag Ibrahim Eltaib; Mohamed-Elamen Fadel

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijmb.20220701.12

Study on the Incidence of Salmonella Species in Different Food Samples by Using Cultural and Rapid invA Gene Specific PCR-Based Assay

Khaled Ibrahim, Sabrin Aljfaeri, Ammar Aslougi, Abdlrhman Alsonosi, Mohamed Saad, Farag Ibrahim Eltaib, Mohamed-Elamen Fadel

Published in International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology (Volume 7, Issue 1)

Received: 6 January 2022 Accepted: 28 January 2022 Published: 25 February 2022

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Salmonella is the most common zoonotic pathogen around the world, there is an inadequate capacity of tests to detect this pathogenic bacterium in Libya. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the presence Salmonella spp in various foods from different food establishments in Tripoli, Libya. A total number of 370 samples were taken from 35 confectionery premises (170 samples of cakes, 25 of tarts), 11 poultry butcheries (55 samples of chicken meat), and 2 cattle butcheries (120 samples of camel meat). The isolates of Salmonella bacteria were investigated and identified by conventional cultures and biochemical methods such as (API20E). The typical Salmonella identified isolates were subjected to the PCR to detect invA gene. The results showed that 30/370 (8.11%) Salmonella spp were identified and distributed in 10 cake samples (5.9%), 2 tart samples (8%), 16 chicken meat samples (29.1%) and 2 camel meat samples (1.7%). The invA gene was detected in 22 isolates (73.33%), all Salmonella spp isolated from cakes and cattle meat samples are invasive strains. Overall, Salmonella spp is more abundant in poultry butchers than other food establishments in Tripoli, Libya, inclusion of PCR methods to detect Salmonella spp is highly recommended.

Published in	International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology (Volume 7, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijmb.20220701.12
Page(s)	11-15
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Salmonella, invA Gene, PCR, Tripoli, Libya

References

[1]	Abujnah Yahia S, Liala S El Magdoli, Said O Gnan, Mufida K Eljabali and Rabya A Lahmer (2016). Bacteriological Quality and Incidence of Some Pathogenic Bacteria in Fresh White Cheese Sold in Tripoli, Libya. J Microb Biochem Technol 2016, 8: 4, http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/1948-5948.1000301.
[2]	Almeida C., Cerqueira L., Azevedo N. F., Vieira M. J. (2013). Detection of Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis using real time PCR, immunocapture assay, PNA FISH and standard culture methods in different types of food samples. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 161 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.11.014.
[3]	Darwin, K. H. and V. L. Miller (1999). Molecular basis of the interaction of Salmonella with the intestinal mucosa. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 12: 405-428. 6-Ferretti, R., L. Mannazzu, L. Cocolin, G. Comi and F. Clementi, 2001. Twelve. hours PCR-based method for detection of Salmonella spp. In food. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 74: 977-978.
[4]	El Shrek, Y. M. & Ali, M. R. M. (‎2012)‎. Microbiological study of spiced chicken burgers in Tripoli City, Libya. EMHJ - Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 18 (‎6)‎, 653-662, 2012.
[5]	Kasturi KN, Drgon T (2017). Real-time PCR method for detection of Salmonella spp. in environmental samples. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2017; 83 (14). http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00644-17.
[6]	FSAI Information Unit. (2001). Guidelines for the interpretation of results of microbiological analysis of some ready-to-eat foods sampled at point of sale. Food Safety Authority of Ireland.
[7]	Gole V. C. a, K. K. Chousalkar and J. R. Roberts (2013). Survey of Enterobacteriaceae contamination of table eggs collected from layer flocks in Australia. International Journal of Food Microbiology 164 (2013) 161–165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.04.002.
[8]	Gulsen, G. and Gunaydin, E (2003). Prevalence of Salmonalla serogroups in chicken meat. Turk. J Vet. Anim. Sci. 29: 103-106.
[9]	Jorgensen, F., Bailey, R. and Humphrey, T. J. (2002). Prevalence and number of Salmonella and Compylobacter spp. on raw, whole chickens in relation to sampling methods. I. J. Food Microbiology. 76: 151–164.
[10]	Health Protection Agency (2009). Guidelines for Assessing the Microbiological Safety of Ready-to-Eat Foods. London: Health Protection Agency, November 2009.
[11]	Heymans Raymond, Amir Vila, Caroliene A. M. van Heerwaarden, Claudia C. C. Jansen, Greetje A. A. Castelijn, Menno van der Voort, Elisabeth G. Biesta-Peters (2018). Rapid detection and differentiation of Salmonella species, Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Enteritidis by multiplex quantitative PCR. PLOS ONE \| http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0206316.
[12]	Kadry M, Nader SM, Dorgham SM, Kandil MM. (2019). Molecular diversity of the invA gene obtained from human and egg samples. Vet World 12: 1033–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2019.1033-1038.
[13]	Malorny, B., J. Hoorfar, C. Bunge and R. Helmuth. (2003). Multicenter validation of the analytical accuracy of Salmonella PCR: towards an international standard. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 69: 290-296. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.69.1.290-296.2003.
[14]	N. El-Sharef, Khalifa Sifaw Ghenghesh, Yahya S. Abognah, Saed O. Gnan, Amal Rahouma (2006). Bacteriological quality of ice cream in Tripoli—Libya. Food Control 17 (2006) 637–641. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2005.04.001.
[15]	Nicholas A Feasey, Gordon Dougan, Robert A Kingsley, Robert S Heyderman, Melita A Gordon (2012). Invasive non-typhoidal salmonella disease: an emerging and neglected tropical disease in Africa. Lancet 2012; 379: 2489–99, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61752-2.
[16]	Rahn, K., S. A. De Grandis, R. C. Clarke, R. Curtiss and C. L. Gyles. (1992). Amplification of an invA gene sequence of salmonella typhimurium by polymerase chain reaction aspecific method of detection of salmonella. Mol. Cell Probes; 6; 271-272.
[17]	Sharma, I. and K. Das, (2016). Detection of InvA gene in isolated Salmonella from marketed poultry meat by PCR assay. J. Food Process Technol., Vol. 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2157-7110.1000564.
[18]	Siala, M., Barbana, A., Smaoui, S., Hachicha, S., Marouane, C., Kammoun, S., et al. (2017). Screening and detecting Salmonella in different food matrices in Southern Tunisia using a combined enrichment/real-time PCR method: Correlation with conventional culture method. Front. Microbiol. 8: 2416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02416.
[19]	Simpson, K. M. J., Hill-Cawthorne, G. A., Ward, M. P. et al (2018). Diversity of Salmonella serotypes from humans, food, domestic animals and wildlife in New South Wales, Australia. BMC Infect Dis 18, 623 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-018-3563-1.
[20]	Siriken, B., Cadirci, O., Inat, G. and Pamuk, S. (2009). Microbiological Examination of Meatball, Cream Cake and Turkish Delight (Lokum). Journal of animal and veterinary advances. 8 (10). pp. 2049 -2054.
[21]	Shu-Kee Eng, Priyia Pusparajah, Nurul-Syakima Ab Mutalib, HooiLeng Ser, Kok-Gan Chan & Learn-Han Lee (2015). Salmonella: A review on pathogenesis, epidemiology and antibiotic resistance, Frontiers in Life Science, 8: 3, 284-293, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21553769.2015.1051243.
[22]	Van Asten A. J. A, Van Dijk J. E. (2005). Distribution of “classic” virulence factors among Salmonella spp. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. 2005; 44 (3): 251–259.
[23]	World Health organization (WHO), (2010). Global Foodborne Infections Network "A WHO network building capacity to detect, control and prevent foodborne and other enteric infections from farm to table Laboratory Protocol: ―Isolation of Salmonella and Shigella from Faecal Specimens.
[24]	Yan S. S., M. Pendrak, B. Abela-Ridder, J. Punderson, D. Fedorko, and S. Foley (2004), “An over view of Salmonella typing: public health perspectives,”Clinical and Applied Immunology Reviews, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 189–204, 2004.
[25]	Yanestria SM, Rahmaniar RP, Wibisono FJ, Effendi MH (2019). Detection of invA gene of Salmonella from milkfish (Chanos chanos) at Sidoarjo wet fish market, Indonesia, using polymerase chain reaction technique. Vet World. 12 (1): 170–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2019.170-175.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Khaled Ibrahim, Sabrin Aljfaeri, Ammar Aslougi, Abdlrhman Alsonosi, Mohamed Saad, et al. (2022). Study on the Incidence of Salmonella Species in Different Food Samples by Using Cultural and Rapid invA Gene Specific PCR-Based Assay. International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 7(1), 11-15. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20220701.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Khaled Ibrahim; Sabrin Aljfaeri; Ammar Aslougi; Abdlrhman Alsonosi; Mohamed Saad, et al. Study on the Incidence of Salmonella Species in Different Food Samples by Using Cultural and Rapid invA Gene Specific PCR-Based Assay. Int. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2022, 7(1), 11-15. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmb.20220701.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Khaled Ibrahim, Sabrin Aljfaeri, Ammar Aslougi, Abdlrhman Alsonosi, Mohamed Saad, et al. Study on the Incidence of Salmonella Species in Different Food Samples by Using Cultural and Rapid invA Gene Specific PCR-Based Assay. Int J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2022;7(1):11-15. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmb.20220701.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijmb.20220701.12,
  author = {Khaled Ibrahim and Sabrin Aljfaeri and Ammar Aslougi and Abdlrhman Alsonosi and Mohamed Saad and Farag Ibrahim Eltaib and Mohamed-Elamen Fadel},
  title = {Study on the Incidence of Salmonella Species in Different Food Samples by Using Cultural and Rapid invA Gene Specific PCR-Based Assay},
  journal = {International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {11-15},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmb.20220701.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20220701.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmb.20220701.12},
  abstract = {Salmonella is the most common zoonotic pathogen around the world, there is an inadequate capacity of tests to detect this pathogenic bacterium in Libya. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the presence Salmonella spp in various foods from different food establishments in Tripoli, Libya. A total number of 370 samples were taken from 35 confectionery premises (170 samples of cakes, 25 of tarts), 11 poultry butcheries (55 samples of chicken meat), and 2 cattle butcheries (120 samples of camel meat). The isolates of Salmonella bacteria were investigated and identified by conventional cultures and biochemical methods such as (API20E). The typical Salmonella identified isolates were subjected to the PCR to detect invA gene. The results showed that 30/370 (8.11%) Salmonella spp were identified and distributed in 10 cake samples (5.9%), 2 tart samples (8%), 16 chicken meat samples (29.1%) and 2 camel meat samples (1.7%). The invA gene was detected in 22 isolates (73.33%), all Salmonella spp isolated from cakes and cattle meat samples are invasive strains. Overall, Salmonella spp is more abundant in poultry butchers than other food establishments in Tripoli, Libya, inclusion of PCR methods to detect Salmonella spp is highly recommended.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Study on the Incidence of Salmonella Species in Different Food Samples by Using Cultural and Rapid invA Gene Specific PCR-Based Assay
AU  - Khaled Ibrahim
AU  - Sabrin Aljfaeri
AU  - Ammar Aslougi
AU  - Abdlrhman Alsonosi
AU  - Mohamed Saad
AU  - Farag Ibrahim Eltaib
AU  - Mohamed-Elamen Fadel
Y1  - 2022/02/25
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20220701.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmb.20220701.12
T2  - International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
JF  - International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
JO  - International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
SP  - 11
EP  - 15
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-9686
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20220701.12
AB  - Salmonella is the most common zoonotic pathogen around the world, there is an inadequate capacity of tests to detect this pathogenic bacterium in Libya. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the presence Salmonella spp in various foods from different food establishments in Tripoli, Libya. A total number of 370 samples were taken from 35 confectionery premises (170 samples of cakes, 25 of tarts), 11 poultry butcheries (55 samples of chicken meat), and 2 cattle butcheries (120 samples of camel meat). The isolates of Salmonella bacteria were investigated and identified by conventional cultures and biochemical methods such as (API20E). The typical Salmonella identified isolates were subjected to the PCR to detect invA gene. The results showed that 30/370 (8.11%) Salmonella spp were identified and distributed in 10 cake samples (5.9%), 2 tart samples (8%), 16 chicken meat samples (29.1%) and 2 camel meat samples (1.7%). The invA gene was detected in 22 isolates (73.33%), all Salmonella spp isolated from cakes and cattle meat samples are invasive strains. Overall, Salmonella spp is more abundant in poultry butchers than other food establishments in Tripoli, Libya, inclusion of PCR methods to detect Salmonella spp is highly recommended.
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Khaled Ibrahim

Genetic Engineering Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Tripoli, Libya
Sabrin Aljfaeri

Genetic Engineering Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Tripoli, Libya
Ammar Aslougi

Genetic Engineering Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Tripoli, Libya
Abdlrhman Alsonosi

Medical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sebha, Sebha, Libya
Mohamed Saad

Genetic Engineering Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Tripoli, Libya
Farag Ibrahim Eltaib

Genetic Engineering Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Tripoli, Libya
Mohamed-Elamen Fadel

Medical Laboratory Department, University of Sebha, Sabha, Libya

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Khaled Ibrahim, Sabrin Aljfaeri, Ammar Aslougi, Abdlrhman Alsonosi, Mohamed Saad, et al. (2022). Study on the Incidence of Salmonella Species in Different Food Samples by Using Cultural and Rapid invA Gene Specific PCR-Based Assay. International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 7(1), 11-15. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20220701.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Khaled Ibrahim; Sabrin Aljfaeri; Ammar Aslougi; Abdlrhman Alsonosi; Mohamed Saad, et al. Study on the Incidence of Salmonella Species in Different Food Samples by Using Cultural and Rapid invA Gene Specific PCR-Based Assay. Int. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2022, 7(1), 11-15. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmb.20220701.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Khaled Ibrahim, Sabrin Aljfaeri, Ammar Aslougi, Abdlrhman Alsonosi, Mohamed Saad, et al. Study on the Incidence of Salmonella Species in Different Food Samples by Using Cultural and Rapid invA Gene Specific PCR-Based Assay. Int J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2022;7(1):11-15. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmb.20220701.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijmb.20220701.12,
  author = {Khaled Ibrahim and Sabrin Aljfaeri and Ammar Aslougi and Abdlrhman Alsonosi and Mohamed Saad and Farag Ibrahim Eltaib and Mohamed-Elamen Fadel},
  title = {Study on the Incidence of Salmonella Species in Different Food Samples by Using Cultural and Rapid invA Gene Specific PCR-Based Assay},
  journal = {International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {11-15},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmb.20220701.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20220701.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmb.20220701.12},
  abstract = {Salmonella is the most common zoonotic pathogen around the world, there is an inadequate capacity of tests to detect this pathogenic bacterium in Libya. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the presence Salmonella spp in various foods from different food establishments in Tripoli, Libya. A total number of 370 samples were taken from 35 confectionery premises (170 samples of cakes, 25 of tarts), 11 poultry butcheries (55 samples of chicken meat), and 2 cattle butcheries (120 samples of camel meat). The isolates of Salmonella bacteria were investigated and identified by conventional cultures and biochemical methods such as (API20E). The typical Salmonella identified isolates were subjected to the PCR to detect invA gene. The results showed that 30/370 (8.11%) Salmonella spp were identified and distributed in 10 cake samples (5.9%), 2 tart samples (8%), 16 chicken meat samples (29.1%) and 2 camel meat samples (1.7%). The invA gene was detected in 22 isolates (73.33%), all Salmonella spp isolated from cakes and cattle meat samples are invasive strains. Overall, Salmonella spp is more abundant in poultry butchers than other food establishments in Tripoli, Libya, inclusion of PCR methods to detect Salmonella spp is highly recommended.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Study on the Incidence of Salmonella Species in Different Food Samples by Using Cultural and Rapid invA Gene Specific PCR-Based Assay
AU  - Khaled Ibrahim
AU  - Sabrin Aljfaeri
AU  - Ammar Aslougi
AU  - Abdlrhman Alsonosi
AU  - Mohamed Saad
AU  - Farag Ibrahim Eltaib
AU  - Mohamed-Elamen Fadel
Y1  - 2022/02/25
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20220701.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmb.20220701.12
T2  - International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
JF  - International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
JO  - International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
SP  - 11
EP  - 15
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-9686
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20220701.12
AB  - Salmonella is the most common zoonotic pathogen around the world, there is an inadequate capacity of tests to detect this pathogenic bacterium in Libya. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the presence Salmonella spp in various foods from different food establishments in Tripoli, Libya. A total number of 370 samples were taken from 35 confectionery premises (170 samples of cakes, 25 of tarts), 11 poultry butcheries (55 samples of chicken meat), and 2 cattle butcheries (120 samples of camel meat). The isolates of Salmonella bacteria were investigated and identified by conventional cultures and biochemical methods such as (API20E). The typical Salmonella identified isolates were subjected to the PCR to detect invA gene. The results showed that 30/370 (8.11%) Salmonella spp were identified and distributed in 10 cake samples (5.9%), 2 tart samples (8%), 16 chicken meat samples (29.1%) and 2 camel meat samples (1.7%). The invA gene was detected in 22 isolates (73.33%), all Salmonella spp isolated from cakes and cattle meat samples are invasive strains. Overall, Salmonella spp is more abundant in poultry butchers than other food establishments in Tripoli, Libya, inclusion of PCR methods to detect Salmonella spp is highly recommended.
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download