Detection of Bacteria Contaminating Milk and Milk Products in Tanzania by Conventional and Rapid Methods

Irene Mfilinge; Elisa Mwega; Lucy Chove; George Msalya

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13

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Detection of Bacteria Contaminating Milk and Milk Products in Tanzania by Conventional and Rapid Methods

Irene Mfilinge^*, Elisa Mwega, Lucy Chove, George Msalya

Published in International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology (Volume 8, Issue 4)

Received: 4 October 2023 Accepted: 2 November 2023 Published: 17 November 2023

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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the performance of rapid methods for identifying contaminating bacteria in milk and milk products in Tanzania. A total of 60 milk and milk product samples were collected along the dairy value chain in Morogoro Municipality. The samples included raw and boiled milk, local fermented milk, and industrial processed milk products. Laboratory analyses were conducted using the conventional tests (culture and confirmatory tests) as well as rapid methods (3M petrifilm plate and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Total bacteria count and identification of Escherichia coli as well as Staphylococcus aureus were performed. Results had indicated that there is positive correlation (R=1) between the 3M petrifilm and conventional methods. On the other hand, the correlation between PCR and the conventional method was poor (R=-0.078 and -0.15 for E. coli and S. aureus identification respectively). Furthermore, the PCR identified more positive samples (8 for E. coli and 12 for S. aureus) compared to the conventional method (2 for E. coli and 5 for S. aureus). No significant difference (p˂0.05) was observed between 3M petrifilm and the conventional methods in tested boiled milk, local fermented milk, and industrial processed milk products; however, significant differences (p˃0.05) were observed in raw milk by both methods. Based on these results and the time to obtain them, it is confirmed that rapid methods performed better than the conventional methods for determining contamination and identifying bacteria in milk and milk products and are hence recommended for routine laboratory analysis in Tanzania.

Published in	International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology (Volume 8, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13
Page(s)	87-93
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Dairy Value Chain, 3M Petrifilms, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus

References

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APA Style

Mfilinge, I., Mwega, E., Chove, L., Msalya, G. (2023). Detection of Bacteria Contaminating Milk and Milk Products in Tanzania by Conventional and Rapid Methods. International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 8(4), 87-93. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13

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ACS Style

Mfilinge, I.; Mwega, E.; Chove, L.; Msalya, G. Detection of Bacteria Contaminating Milk and Milk Products in Tanzania by Conventional and Rapid Methods. Int. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2023, 8(4), 87-93. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13

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Mfilinge I, Mwega E, Chove L, Msalya G. Detection of Bacteria Contaminating Milk and Milk Products in Tanzania by Conventional and Rapid Methods. Int J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2023;8(4):87-93. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13,
  author = {Irene Mfilinge and Elisa Mwega and Lucy Chove and George Msalya},
  title = {Detection of Bacteria Contaminating Milk and Milk Products in Tanzania by Conventional and Rapid Methods},
  journal = {International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology},
  volume = {8},
  number = {4},
  pages = {87-93},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmb.20230804.13},
  abstract = {The aim of the present study was to evaluate the performance of rapid methods for identifying contaminating bacteria in milk and milk products in Tanzania. A total of 60 milk and milk product samples were collected along the dairy value chain in Morogoro Municipality. The samples included raw and boiled milk, local fermented milk, and industrial processed milk products. Laboratory analyses were conducted using the conventional tests (culture and confirmatory tests) as well as rapid methods (3M petrifilm plate and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Total bacteria count and identification of Escherichia coli as well as Staphylococcus aureus were performed. Results had indicated that there is positive correlation (R=1) between the 3M petrifilm and conventional methods. On the other hand, the correlation between PCR and the conventional method was poor (R=-0.078 and -0.15 for E. coli and S. aureus identification respectively). Furthermore, the PCR identified more positive samples (8 for E. coli and 12 for S. aureus) compared to the conventional method (2 for E. coli and 5 for S. aureus). No significant difference (p˂0.05) was observed between 3M petrifilm and the conventional methods in tested boiled milk, local fermented milk, and industrial processed milk products; however, significant differences (p˃0.05) were observed in raw milk by both methods. Based on these results and the time to obtain them, it is confirmed that rapid methods performed better than the conventional methods for determining contamination and identifying bacteria in milk and milk products and are hence recommended for routine laboratory analysis in Tanzania.
},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Detection of Bacteria Contaminating Milk and Milk Products in Tanzania by Conventional and Rapid Methods
AU - Irene Mfilinge
AU - Elisa Mwega
AU - Lucy Chove
AU - George Msalya
Y1 - 2023/11/17
PY - 2023
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13
DO - 10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13
T2 - International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
JF - International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
JO - International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
SP - 87
EP - 93
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2578-9686
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13
AB - The aim of the present study was to evaluate the performance of rapid methods for identifying contaminating bacteria in milk and milk products in Tanzania. A total of 60 milk and milk product samples were collected along the dairy value chain in Morogoro Municipality. The samples included raw and boiled milk, local fermented milk, and industrial processed milk products. Laboratory analyses were conducted using the conventional tests (culture and confirmatory tests) as well as rapid methods (3M petrifilm plate and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Total bacteria count and identification of Escherichia coli as well as Staphylococcus aureus were performed. Results had indicated that there is positive correlation (R=1) between the 3M petrifilm and conventional methods. On the other hand, the correlation between PCR and the conventional method was poor (R=-0.078 and -0.15 for E. coli and S. aureus identification respectively). Furthermore, the PCR identified more positive samples (8 for E. coli and 12 for S. aureus) compared to the conventional method (2 for E. coli and 5 for S. aureus). No significant difference (p˂0.05) was observed between 3M petrifilm and the conventional methods in tested boiled milk, local fermented milk, and industrial processed milk products; however, significant differences (p˃0.05) were observed in raw milk by both methods. Based on these results and the time to obtain them, it is confirmed that rapid methods performed better than the conventional methods for determining contamination and identifying bacteria in milk and milk products and are hence recommended for routine laboratory analysis in Tanzania.

VL - 8
IS - 4
ER -

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Author Information

Irene Mfilinge

Department of Animal, Aquaculture and Range Sciences (DAARS), Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Morogoro, Tanzania

Contact Email
Elisa Mwega

Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Parasitology and Biotechnology, Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Morogoro, Tanzania
Lucy Chove

Department of Food Science and Agro-Processing Engineering, Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Morogoro, Tanzania
George Msalya

Department of Animal, Aquaculture and Range Sciences (DAARS), Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Morogoro, Tanzania; Tanzania Dairy Board (TDB), Dodoma, Tanzania

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APA Style

Mfilinge, I., Mwega, E., Chove, L., Msalya, G. (2023). Detection of Bacteria Contaminating Milk and Milk Products in Tanzania by Conventional and Rapid Methods. International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 8(4), 87-93. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13

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ACS Style

Mfilinge, I.; Mwega, E.; Chove, L.; Msalya, G. Detection of Bacteria Contaminating Milk and Milk Products in Tanzania by Conventional and Rapid Methods. Int. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2023, 8(4), 87-93. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13

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AMA Style

Mfilinge I, Mwega E, Chove L, Msalya G. Detection of Bacteria Contaminating Milk and Milk Products in Tanzania by Conventional and Rapid Methods. Int J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2023;8(4):87-93. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13,
  author = {Irene Mfilinge and Elisa Mwega and Lucy Chove and George Msalya},
  title = {Detection of Bacteria Contaminating Milk and Milk Products in Tanzania by Conventional and Rapid Methods},
  journal = {International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology},
  volume = {8},
  number = {4},
  pages = {87-93},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmb.20230804.13},
  abstract = {The aim of the present study was to evaluate the performance of rapid methods for identifying contaminating bacteria in milk and milk products in Tanzania. A total of 60 milk and milk product samples were collected along the dairy value chain in Morogoro Municipality. The samples included raw and boiled milk, local fermented milk, and industrial processed milk products. Laboratory analyses were conducted using the conventional tests (culture and confirmatory tests) as well as rapid methods (3M petrifilm plate and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Total bacteria count and identification of Escherichia coli as well as Staphylococcus aureus were performed. Results had indicated that there is positive correlation (R=1) between the 3M petrifilm and conventional methods. On the other hand, the correlation between PCR and the conventional method was poor (R=-0.078 and -0.15 for E. coli and S. aureus identification respectively). Furthermore, the PCR identified more positive samples (8 for E. coli and 12 for S. aureus) compared to the conventional method (2 for E. coli and 5 for S. aureus). No significant difference (p˂0.05) was observed between 3M petrifilm and the conventional methods in tested boiled milk, local fermented milk, and industrial processed milk products; however, significant differences (p˃0.05) were observed in raw milk by both methods. Based on these results and the time to obtain them, it is confirmed that rapid methods performed better than the conventional methods for determining contamination and identifying bacteria in milk and milk products and are hence recommended for routine laboratory analysis in Tanzania.
},
 year = {2023}
}

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VL - 8
IS - 4
ER -

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